Volcanoes!

What are the Volcanoes?

A volcano is a rupture in the Earth's surface, which it allows to escape hot, molten rock, ash and gases from deep below the surface, the most common perception of a volcano is of a conical mountain, spewing lava and poisonous gases from a crater in its top, but the features of volcanoes are much more complicated and these features are related to volcanic material (lava, which is what magma is called once it has broken the surface, and ash) and gases (mainly steam and magmatic gases).
The principal parts of the volcanoes are: the large magma chamber, Conduit (pipe), Crater, Throat, Parasitic cone. The most important part is the magma chamber, because here is the power and it is extremely high temperature and pressure can cause the lower mantle to melt and become liquid rock, or magma, (the magma that has reached the surface is called lava). Eventually some of the magma pushes through vents and fissures in the earth’s surface, a volcanic eruption occurs.

Volcanoes erupt materials, they are: Gases, liquid and solid.

• Gases: Sometimes in an explosive eruption, pent-up gases escape violently the gaseous are carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, water vapor the magma breaks into pieces and bursts from the volcano in a column of ash and fiery fragments, these fragments that fall back to earth are called tephra and in a large eruption, the tephra can cover vast areas with a thick layer of ash, presenting a much greater hazard than lava flows

• Liquid: it is called lava, but really is the “magma” (when the rock is melt because of high temperature and pressure). The lava flows are a threat, but they are usually slow enough that people can get out of the way, and it normally doesn’t cover very large areas, the damage is usually limited.




• Solid: Here there are fragments of mud and other debris that flow down the sides of a volcano. Debris flows often form when part of the volcano collapses, breaking up and flowing down hill. If the collapse is major one, the large flow that results can travel great distances. Here, also are the fragments of rocks and ash.

Today, there are many active volcanoes in the world and more and more people are living in potentially dangerous volcanic areas. Volcanic eruptions are among the Earth’s most powerful and destructive forces and they can also cause Tsunamis, volcanic earthquakes or the release of suffocating gases.

Volcanoes erupt materials into the atmosphere, dangerous gases and water vapor.







Here the ash covered a truck and all surround it, because of the winds carry ash great a distance, people soffocate by a hot volcanic ash.








The ash begin tyo fall about an hour after the eruption and the sky become so dark that is necessary turn the lights all day.

The volcanoes are natural disasters and we can’t do anything for prevent it, but the volcanologists are preparing the monitoring methods of the volcanic eruptions.